I assume the whole question is how to detect changed data in order do reduce the amount of data sent to the server.
To my knowledge neither sap.ui.table.Table nor sap.m.Table would tell the app. developer which row(or cell) has been modified.
What a developer can do is:
a) always send the whole model to the backend for update
b) (not so nice) do some optimization let's have 2 models for the same dataset. One is the original, the second is a copy of it and should be used (bound) as data source for the table. Then attach callback function to the "change" event of the binding of the table
e.g.
(for sap.ui.table.Table)
oTable.getBinding("rows").attachChange(<your save data function>) (for syntax as parameters check here)
In your <save data function> compare the two models, detect the changes and send back only those changes to the backend.